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The shred command overwrites the contents of files in a way that makes it very difficult to recover them. When you delete a file or delete it from the trash, from Linux or any other operating system, it is not completely erased from the hard drive. shred –help shred –version shred a.txt shred -n 10 […]

  cat –help Display the contents of a single file cat programbr.txt cat -n programbr.txt cat programbr.txt programbr2.txt cat -n programbr.txt programbr2.txt cat > newfile.txt cat newfile.txt > newfilecopy.txt cat -s programbr1.txt cat programbr.txt >> programbr2.txt cat -E programbr2.txt tac programbr.txt cat /proc/cpuinfo

sum command in Linux, Uses of sum command with examples sum command in Linux gives us information about file checksum and the number of blocks in a file. The sum command is often used to find out whether a file has been copied. It is one of the oldest checksum commands, dating back to the

banner Install sysvbanner for using banner command   sudo apt install sysvbanner Using banner command banner PROGRAMBR banner 0123456789 banner Thank You Programbr banner abcdefghijklmn banner 0123456789789 banner command’s manual man banner

lshw (list hardware) command is a small tool that generates detailed reports about various hardware components, including CPU version, memory configuration, cache information, bus speed, etc. on the system. lshw command is able to do so because it reads various files located in the /proc directory. To display complete information you must be root user

lscpu lscpu –help lscpu –version lscpu -e lscpu –extended lscpu -e=cpu,core lscpu -x lscpu -J lscpu -e -b

lsof lsof –help lsof -u ubuntu lsof -u ^root lsof -R lsof -p 10 lsof -p ^10